Weekly Market Report: December 13th, 2024

Market Anecdotes

• 2024 is shaping up to close out with an impressive, albeit more common than one might think, outcome for equity markets characterized by concentrated earnings growth, top heavy performance, challenges for active management, and elevated valuations.
• Inflation dynamics were in focus last week with the CPI release and upcoming FOMC meeting. BLS methodology versus alternative measures again garnered significant attention when assessing underlying inflation dynamics, particularly with housing and wage growth.
• Last week was a blackout week for the FOMC but meetings from other central banks generated headlines with nearly 71% of major central banks now in easing cycles including last week’s ECB (-25bps), SNB (- 50bsp), BoC (-50bps), and the RBA (0bps) moves.
• Bond markets’ renewed focus on U.S. fiscal policy, inflation dynamics, and growth trends last week with interest rates drifting higher and the 10yr/3mo slope uninverting for the first time since July 2022.
• While China signaled intent to ramp up stimulus next year, monetary and credit data in November underwhelmed with new loan growth and total social financing coming in well below market expectations and M2 growth slowing from 7.5% to 7.1%.
• A consideration in early 2025 will be how DC ultimately decides to sequence legislative and executive priorities with the potential for vastly differing market reactions depending on the composition of tariffs, tax cuts, immigration reform, and deregulation initiatives.
• The Tax Foundation estimate of tariffs implemented in 2018, and maintained today, cost Americans approximately $80b/year and the baseline new tariff taxes would amount to a $1.2t tax increase over 10 years, reduce GDP by 0.45%, and cost U.S. workers 344,900 jobs.
• DC policy conversations surrounding federal agencies who acquire residential mortgages with both explicit and implicit federal guarantees are raising some interesting considerations regarding cost of capital, size of the guarantee pool, and mortgage product implications.

Economic Release Highlights

• CPI for November was in line with expectations for both headline and core with YoY readings of 2.7% and 3.3% and MoM readings of 0.3% and 0.3% respectively.
• Continuing Jobless Claims continued to edge higher last week while headline Weekly Jobless Claims surprised a bit to the upside (242k vs 220k) and came in above the consensus forecast range (190k to 225k).
• The November NFIB Small Business Optimism Index jumped from 93.7 to 101.7, well above the 94.5 consensus estimate.

Weekly Market Report: December 6th, 2024

Markets last week took in stride a relatively full economic calendar and some overseas political drama in Asia (South Korea), Middle East (Syria), and Europe (France). Upbeat narratives surrounding the holiday shopping season, renewed China stimulus sentiment, and measured cooling of the U.S. labor market translated to marginal gains across global equity markets with a narrow rally in the U.S. (+1%) and participation across both developed and emerging markets, both rising approximately 1.4%. Interest rates declined slightly with some curve flattening as short rates fell more than long rates. Commodities were relatively unchanged on the week with some weakness in oil/gas prices while the USD posted a marginal 0.30% gain for the week.

Market Anecdotes

• A new record high for the S&P 500 last week puts the headline index at a 28% gain for the year, a rally driven by large cap growth stocks but not one foreseen by most Wall Street strategists.
• Bespoke noted last week marked the two-year anniversary of OpenAI’s release of ChatGPT, a window where we’ve seen a remarkable boom in market caps, revenues, operating cash flows, and overwhelmingly unexpected earnings.
• The valuation gap created by small caps lagging large caps by 10% this year and 40% since the end of 2019 prompted a Furey Research Partners research note highlighting the strong historical probability (96%) of small caps outperforming large caps over the next five years.
• A new research piece from Robert Shiller titled “U.S. Crash Confidence Index” indicated a very high level of investor comfort and complacency, a cautious narrative amidst the current backdrop of record high equity markets.
• The market’s reaction to Friday’s jobs report may have been more focused on prior month revision announcements than the headline number given hurricane and strike related disruptions in the October report.
• A flurry of Fed speeches last week in advance of the blackout period echoed sentiments surrounding stubborn inflation sticking above target and tight but cooling labor markets.
• The U.N. FAO reported global YoY food prices up 5.7%, a concerning development for global stability as well as the consumer in general who experience food prices much differently than the simple year over year growth rate we monitor as investors.
• OPEC last week decided for a third time to push back unwinding production cuts to April of next year citing market fundamentals and likely the specter of U.S. production capabilities.
• A political crisis unfolded in South Korea last week with President Yoon targeting the opposition by declaring a crisis and attempting to instill martial law. Korea joins Russia-Ukraine, internal conflict in Syria, Israel-Iran armed conflict, and China-U.S. trade in the geopolitical risk landscape

Economic Release Highlights

• October Payrolls beat consensus (227,000 vs 211,000) while the Unemployment Rate increased to 4.2%. Average Hourly Earnings came in slightly ahead of forecast with MoM 0.4% vs 0.3% and YoY 4.0% vs 3.9%.
• The October JOLT Survey reported 7.744M openings, above the spot forecast (7.490M) and consensus range (7.287M to 7.550M) with a vacancy rate unchanged at 4.6%. The quits rate moved higher overall but remained steady in the private sector.
• The November ISM Manufacturing Index came in slightly above forecast (48.4 vs 47.6). The ISM Services Index came in below the spot forecast (52.1 vs 55.5) and range of estimates (54.0-57.5).
• The November JPM Global Manufacturing PMI improved slightly from 49.4 to 50.0 while the Services reading stayed at 53.1. The Composite reading climbed one tick to 52.4.
• The UofM Consumer Sentiment Index registered 74.0, slightly above the spot forecast while one-year forward inflation expectations increased from 2.6% to 2.9%.

Weekly Market Report: November 29th, 2024

Market Anecdotes

• An eventful month of November is now in the books where global equity markets favored the U.S. and smaller companies in particular with returns for growth and value stocks very similar.
• With the year-end fully visible now that we’re into December, a fresh look at Mag 7 earnings and the S&P 500 reinforces the narrative in the rear view but poses some questions looking forward.
• The current 10yr bond yield is sitting right at average levels of the past year and well within the “soft landing” range of 3.80% to 4.60% where yields falling below this range may suggest rising recession risks and yields rising above may suggest rising inflation risks.
• Concern over high budget deficits and outstanding government debt are tangible given the trajectory of the past 25 years but spending cuts, economic growth (the denominator), and new tariff tax revenue warrant careful attention as investors consider deficits and debt going forward.
• Inflationary fiscal stimulus (growth), tariffs (taxes), and immigration (labor supply) may result in short term price pressures and a strong USD but may ultimately slow the economy and reduce price pressures – a sentiment reflected in short versus long term inflation expectations.
• Torsten Slok pointed out a common misconception in economics, stock/level versus rate of change by noting while YoY inflation is near 2% the overall price level is 22% higher than pre-pandemic 2020.
• The first formal volley of threatened tariffs from POTUS elect came last week as 25% across the board on Canada and Mexico and 10% on China. Equity and bond markets called their bluff while FX markets blinked. Implications across earnings, USD, fiscal policy, and inflation warrant consideration.
• Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent touted a reasonable version of an Abenomics principle, “3-3-3”, which seeks 3% budget deficits, 3% GDP growth, and incentivizing an additional 3mm barrels of oil production. Bessent has also made clear his willingness to challenge Fed independence.

Economic Release Highlights

• Headline and Core PCE inflation were right in line with consensus estimates at 2.3% and 2.8% YoY respectively. MoM readings were 0.2% and 0.3% respectively.
• PCE was in line at 0.4% MoM (3% YoY) while Personal Income grew 0.6% MoM (2.7% YoY), well above the spot forecast of 0.3% and estimated range of 0.1% to 0.4%.
• The second reading of 3Q GDP was unchanged at 2.8% but personal consumption expenditures were revised slightly lower from 3.7% to 3.5%.
• Durable Goods Orders for October grew 0.2%, below the spot consensus of 0.5% but within the forecast range. Ex-Transports grew 0.1% and Core Capital Goods declined 0.2%.
• Consumer Confidence improved in November, rising from 109.6 to 111.7, slightly behind the spot forecast but within the consensus estimate range.
• New Home Sales for October declined from 738k to 610k, a larger decline than the spot forecast of 725k and below the consensus range of 710k-750k. Pending Home Sales rose 2.0%, well above the spot consensus of -1.8% and range of -2.1% to 0.4%.
• Case-Shiller Home Price Index reported home prices rising 0.2% MoM and 4.6% YoY, both generally in line with consensus forecasts.

Weekly Market Report: November 22nd, 2024

Market Anecdotes

• Equity markets again exhibited signs of internal rotation with small caps and cyclicals outperforming large technology names, an area where markets have placed remarkable valuation premiums over the past two years.
• Markets put a bow on the third quarter earnings season last week with 3Q YoY growth in the U.S. of approximately 7%, ahead of developed markets but behind emerging markets.
• FactSet looked at 3Q geographic based earnings data, challenged the idea that a strong USD translates to weaker earnings results for companies with larger international exposure highlighting that the 5.4% blended 3Q S&P earnings growth is comprised of U.S. centric companies who grew earnings by 1.9% and global companies growing at a 12.9% rate.
• The most recent VerityData tally of insider sales show activity at a record high, surpassing the last record high set in November 2016.
• NY Fed data on credit card delinquencies show the third quarter new delinquencies declined for the first time since 2021 by 0.26% to a still elevated 8.79%, a trend we’d like to see continue.
• Japan and China unloaded record sums of UST in 3Q adding to the trend of foreign central bank selling and foreign private investors buying, who have become the largest holders of U.S. debt.
• With continued upside economic surprises and FOMC minutes due this week, markets are viewing the probability of a December 18th rate cut as a coin toss with futures priced at 55% but swaps (OIS) priced at 41% and approximately three cuts expected over a year.
• A recent study from the SF Fed analyzed three measures of ‘labor tightness’ including vacancies to unemployment, vacancies to effective searchers, and headline unemployment concluding the former two remain one standard deviation above average while U3 is one below.
• Bloomberg reports the BLS will be releasing new labor market survey data that attempts to capture workers in the gig economy where estimates range from 5% to 30% of the total workforce.
• Viewing tariff issues as either China centric or ‘universal’ seems reasonable with the former most likely. A study from the Peterson Institute points out that while the economy can more readily absorb tariff inflation pressures, border issues and Fed independence are another story.
• Extending the TCJA will require approximately $3.9t over 10yrs before getting to Trump’s campaign promises. Strategists predict that it will be cut to 5yrs/$1.9t with 50% to the deficit and 50% offset, a portion likely sourced from ‘off budget’ executive action tariff tax revenue.

Economic Release Highlights

• November’s U.S. flash PMI (C,M,S) improved from the prior month and came in above forecasts at 55.3, 48.8, 57.0.
• November’s EU and U.K. flash PMI report (C,M,S) declined from the prior month and came in below forecasts with the EU at 48.1, 45.2, 49.2 and the UK at 49.9, 48.6, 50.0.
• The final reading for UofM Consumer Sentiment in November was revised lower from 73.0 to 71.8 while 1 yr inflation expectations were unchanged at 2.9%.
• November’s Housing Market Index registered 48, well above the prior month reading and spot consensus both of which were 43.
• Existing Home Sales in October came in at consensus 3.96M, up 3.4% MoM and 2.9% YoY.
• Housing Starts (1.311M) and Permits (1.416M) for October decreased slightly versus prior month but registered at the consensus forecast.

Weekly Market Report: November 16th, 2024

Market Anecdotes

• Post-election markets are taking shape as they await details on immigration policy, tax cuts, deregulation priorities, Fed policy, and trade tariffs with the expectation that many campaign proposals will likely be moderated as they become actual policy proposals.
• Bloomberg noted that European stocks are on pace for their worst performance relative to U.S. stocks since 1995 with growth, currency, and policy dynamics all significant factors.
• The CPI report last week renewed attention to Fed policy. We’ve seen 2yr inflation breakevens, which bottomed out the week before the first rate cut, increase 1.1% over the last 45 days thanks to resilient growth and the “reflationary cocktail” of tax cuts and tariffs.
• Fed speaking engagements last week served to further temper market expectations for rate cuts given the stubborn inflation backdrop of the past few months and renewed policy uncertainty following the Republican sweep in DC.
• With 3Q earnings season set to end this week, we are sitting on 8.6% bottom line growth (11% ex-energy) for full CY 2024 forecast of $242 and CY 2025 of $270-$275, a bit of a tightrope with forward multiples tracking at 22x and most other valuation metrics pretty stretched.
• A cut in the corporate tax rate from 21% to 15% is highly probable and effectively falls right to the bottom line. While markets have certainly been pricing this in, a note from Goldman might explain why small caps were the biggest benefactor of the policy change.
• An FT article highlighted new laws in China designed to retaliate against countries waging trade wars by blacklisting foreign companies from Chinese markets, employing sanctions, and cutting off supply chains relied upon by American companies.

Economic Release Highlights

• CPI rose in line with expectations across the board with YoY headline and core at 2.6% and 3.3% with MoM at 0.2% and 0.3%.
• Retails Sales in October grew 0.4%, slightly ahead of the 0.3% forecast while the Ex-Autos (0.1% vs 0.3%) and Ex-Autos & Gas (0.1% vs 0.4%) readings both missed.
• Third quarter European GDP grew 0.4% QoQ, 0.9% YoY while the U.K. reported 0.1% QoQ and 1% YoY growth.
• The October NFIB Small Business Optimism Index edged up to 93.7 from 91.5.